PHP - Manual: SNMP

2024-12-23

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The SNMP class

(PHP 5 >= 5.4.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

简介

Represents SNMP session.

类摘要

class SNMP {

/* 属性 */

public readonly array $info;

public ?int $max_oids;

public int $valueretrieval;

public bool $quick_print;

public bool $enum_print;

public int $oid_output_format;

public bool $oid_increasing_check;

public int $exceptions_enabled;

/* 方法 */

public __construct(
    int $version,
    string $hostname,
    string $community,
    int $timeout = -1,
    int $retries = -1
)

public close(): bool

public get(array|string $objectId, bool $preserveKeys = false): mixed

public getErrno(): int

public getError(): string

public getnext(array|string $objectId): mixed

public set(array|string $objectId, array|string $type, array|string $value): bool

public setSecurity(
    string $securityLevel,
    string $authProtocol = "",
    string $authPassphrase = "",
    string $privacyProtocol = "",
    string $privacyPassphrase = "",
    string $contextName = "",
    string $contextEngineId = ""
): bool

public walk(
    array|string $objectId,
    bool $suffixAsKey = false,
    int $maxRepetitions = -1,
    int $nonRepeaters = -1
): array|false

/* 常量 */

const int ERRNO_NOERROR = 0;

const int ERRNO_GENERIC = 2;

const int ERRNO_TIMEOUT = 4;

const int ERRNO_ERROR_IN_REPLY = 8;

const int ERRNO_OID_NOT_INCREASING = 16;

const int ERRNO_OID_PARSING_ERROR = 32;

const int ERRNO_MULTIPLE_SET_QUERIES = 64;

const int ERRNO_ANY = 126;

const int VERSION_1 = 0;

const int VERSION_2C = 1;

const int VERSION_2c = 1;

const int VERSION_3 = 3;

}

属性

max_oids

Maximum OID per GET/SET/GETBULK request

valueretrieval

Controls the method how the SNMP values will be returned

`SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY`	The return values will be as returned by the Net-SNMP library.
`SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN`	The return values will be the plain value without the SNMP type information.
`SNMP_VALUE_OBJECT`	The return values will be objects with the properties "value" and "type", where the latter is one of the SNMP_OCTET_STR, SNMP_COUNTER etc. constants. The way "value" is returned is based on which one of `SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY`, `SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN` is set

quick_print

Value of quick_print within the NET-SNMP library

Sets the value of quick_print within the NET-SNMP library. When this is set (1), the SNMP library will return 'quick printed' values. This means that just the value will be printed. When quick_print is not enabled (default) the NET-SNMP library prints extra information including the type of the value (i.e. IpAddress or OID). Additionally, if quick_print is not enabled, the library prints additional hex values for all strings of three characters or less.

enum_print

Controls the way enum values are printed

Parameter toggles if walk/get etc. should automatically lookup enum values in the MIB and return them together with their human readable string.

oid_output_format

Controls OID output format

**OID .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0 representation for various `oid_output_format` values**
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_FULL`	.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system.sysUpTime.sysUpTimeInstance
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_NUMERIC`	.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_MODULE`	DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_SUFFIX`	sysUpTimeInstance
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_UCD`	system.sysUpTime.sysUpTimeInstance
`SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_NONE`	Undefined

oid_increasing_check

Controls disabling check for increasing OID while walking OID tree

Some SNMP agents are known for returning OIDs out of order but can complete the walk anyway. Other agents return OIDs that are out of order and can cause SNMP::walk() to loop indefinitely until memory limit will be reached. PHP SNMP library by default performs OID increasing check and stops walking on OID tree when it detects possible loop with issuing warning about non-increasing OID faced. Set oid_increasing_check to false to disable this check.

exceptions_enabled

Controls which failures will raise SNMPException instead of warning. Use bitwise OR'ed SNMP::ERRNO_* constants. By default all SNMP exceptions are disabled.

info

Read-only property with remote agent configuration: hostname, port, default timeout, default retries count

预定义常量

SNMP Error Types

SNMP::ERRNO_NOERROR: No SNMP-specific error occurred.
SNMP::ERRNO_GENERIC: A generic SNMP error occurred.
SNMP::ERRNO_TIMEOUT: Request to SNMP agent timed out.
SNMP::ERRNO_ERROR_IN_REPLY: SNMP agent returned an error in reply.
SNMP::ERRNO_OID_NOT_INCREASING: SNMP agent faced OID cycling reporning non-increasing OID while executing (BULK)WALK command. This indicates bogus remote SNMP agent.
SNMP::ERRNO_OID_PARSING_ERROR: Library failed while parsing OID (and/or type for SET command). No queries has been made.
SNMP::ERRNO_MULTIPLE_SET_QUERIES: Library will use multiple queries for SET operation requested. That means that operation will be performed in a non-transaction manner and second or subsequent chunks may fail if a type or value failure will be faced.
SNMP::ERRNO_ANY: All SNMP::ERRNO_* codes bitwise OR'ed.

SNMP Protocol Versions

SNMP::VERSION_1
SNMP::VERSION_2C, SNMP::VERSION_2c
SNMP::VERSION_3

SNMP::close — Close SNMP session
SNMP::__construct — Creates SNMP instance representing session to remote SNMP agent
SNMP::get — Fetch an SNMP object
SNMP::getErrno — Get last error code
SNMP::getError — Get last error message
SNMP::getnext — Fetch an SNMP object which follows the given object id
SNMP::set — Set the value of an SNMP object
SNMP::setSecurity — Configures security-related SNMPv3 session parameters
SNMP::walk — Fetch SNMP object subtree

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User Contributed Notes 2 notes

down

swannie at swannie dot net ¶

1 year ago


Hopefully this helps someone else out because this was driving be bonkers for a good two hours.  It looks like valueretrieval and enum_print work together in a way that I wasn't expecting, and after re-reading may be by design but I'm not sure.  If you can't get enums to print, this might be why.

<?php
 $snmp = new SNMP(SNMP::VERSION_2C,'192.168.1.9','test');
$snmp->oid_output_format = SNMP_OID_OUTPUT_SUFFIX;
$snmp->valueretrieval = SNMP_VALUE_PLAIN;
$snmp->enum_print = 0;
 echo $snmp->get('IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.10110') . "\n";
$snmp->enum_print = 1;
 echo $snmp->get('IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.10110') . "\n";
$snmp->quick_print = 1;
 echo $snmp->get('IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.10110') . "\n";
$snmp->valueretrieval = SNMP_VALUE_LIBRARY;
 echo $snmp->get('IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.10110') . "\n";
$snmp->enum_print = 0;
 echo $snmp->get('IF-MIB::ifOperStatus.10110') . "\n";
?>

Output:
1
1
1
1
up

down

madjev1990 at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago


Part of my diploma thesis was to create web interface to command device via SNMP. So I create my own level of abstraction over SNMP class:

<?php

/**
 * Snmp library which add one level of abstraction to snmp native library.
 * It adds functionality to work with module PicoIP.With this library you can:
 * 1.Activate/deactive defined pin;
 * 2.Get status of all pins.
 * 
 * When make an instance you should pass to the constructor key word which will
 * make the library create an object with necessary properetis and access permissions.
 * 
 * Private properties set some of configurations:
 * Host is IP address of the divece which we will command.
 * Two passwords are set for reading and writing.
 * Version of snmp protocol that we will use is version 1.
 * 
 * @author Radoslav Madjev
 * @year 2016
 * @version 1.0 beta
 * 
 * 
 */
class snmp_lib {

    private $snmpInstance;
    private $VERSION = SNMP::VERSION_1;
    private $HOST = '192.168.0.150';
    private $passwordRead = '000000000000';
    private $passwordWrite = 'private';
    private $releys = array(1 => '1.3.6.1.4.1.19865.1.2.1.1.0',
        2 => '1.3.6.1.4.1.19865.1.2.1.2.0');
    private $allPorts = array('3' => '1.3.6.1.4.1.19865.1.2.1.33.0',
        '5' => '1.3.6.1.4.1.19865.1.2.2.33.0');

    /**
     * Create instance of SNMP native class, based on actions that we will
     * perform.
     * 
     * @param string $action
     */
    public function __construct($action) {
        if (in_array($action, array('read', 'write'))) {
            if (strcmp($action, 'read') === 0) {
                $this->_read();
            } else {
                $this->_write();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create instance with reading permissions.
     */
    private function _read() {
        $this->snmpInstance = new SNMP($this->VERSION, $this->HOST, $this->passwordRead);
    }

    /**
     * Create instance with writing permissions.
     */
    private function _write() {
        $this->snmpInstance = new SNMP($this->VERSION, $this->HOST, $this->passwordWrite);
    }

    /**
     * Close snmp session.
     * 
     * @return boolean
     */
    public function closeSession() {
        return $this->snmpInstance->close();
    }

    /**
     * Set integer 1 as value of defined pin.
     */
    public function activate($relay) {
        $this->snmpInstance->set($this->releys[$relay], 'i', '1');
    }

    /**
     * Set integer 0 as value of defined pin.
     */
    public function deactivate($relay) {
        $this->snmpInstance->set($this->releys[$relay], 'i', '0');
    }

    /**
     * Get pin status of all ports of the module.
     * 
     * @return array
     */
    public function getAllPortsStatus() {
        $allPins = array();
        foreach ($this->allPorts as $number => $port) {
            //get active pins as 8-bit integer of defined port
            $getbits = $this->snmpInstance->get($port);
            $bits = str_replace('INTEGER: ', '', $getbits);
            //get pins status
            $pinsStatus = $this->_getActivePins($bits);
            $allPins[$number] = $pinsStatus;
        }

        return $allPins;
    }

    /**
     * Make bitwise operation which will determine,
     * which are active pins.
     * 
     * @param int $bits
     * @return array
     */
    private function _getActivePins($bits) {

        $bitMapping = array(
            1 => 1,
            2 => 2,
            3 => 4,
            4 => 8,
            5 => 16,
            6 => 32,
            7 => 64,
            8 => 128
        );

        $pinsStatus = array();

        foreach ($bitMapping as $int => $bit) {
            if (($bits & $bit) == $bit) {
                $pinsStatus[$int] = true;
                continue;
            }
            $pinsStatus[$int] = false;
        }

        return $pinsStatus;
    }

}

?>

I have one module that receive SNMP request and send a command to relays. Also these are example scripts that use this lib:
Turn on script:
<?php
require_once 'snmp_lib.php';

$snmp = new snmp_lib('write');
$snmp->activate($getRelayNumber);
$snmp->closeSession();
?>

Turn off script:
<?php
require_once 'snmp_lib.php';

$snmp = new snmp_lib('write');
$snmp->deactivate($getRelayNumber);
$snmp->closeSession();
?>

Script that get all ports status:
<?php
require_once 'snmp_lib.php';

$snmp = new snmp_lib('read');
$getActive = $snmp->getAllPortsStatus();
?>

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官方地址：https://www.php.net/manual/en/class.snmp.php

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PHP官方手册 - 互联网笔记

The SNMP class

简介

类摘要

属性

预定义常量

SNMP Error Types

SNMP Protocol Versions

目录

User Contributed Notes 2 notes