略微加速

PHP官方手册 - 互联网笔记

PHP - Manual: mysqli::__construct

2024-12-23

mysqli::__construct

mysqli::connect

mysqli_connect

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

mysqli::__construct -- mysqli::connect -- mysqli_connect — Open a new connection to the MySQL server

说明

面向对象风格

public mysqli::__construct(
    string $hostname = ini_get("mysqli.default_host"),
    string $username = ini_get("mysqli.default_user"),
    string $password = ini_get("mysqli.default_pw"),
    string $database = "",
    int $port = ini_get("mysqli.default_port"),
    string $socket = ini_get("mysqli.default_socket")
)
public mysqli::connect(
    string $hostname = ini_get("mysqli.default_host"),
    string $username = ini_get("mysqli.default_user"),
    string $password = ini_get("mysqli.default_pw"),
    string $database = "",
    int $port = ini_get("mysqli.default_port"),
    string $socket = ini_get("mysqli.default_socket")
): void

过程化风格

mysqli_connect(
    string $hostname = ini_get("mysqli.default_host"),
    string $username = ini_get("mysqli.default_user"),
    string $password = ini_get("mysqli.default_pw"),
    string $database = "",
    int $port = ini_get("mysqli.default_port"),
    string $socket = ini_get("mysqli.default_socket")
): mysqli|false

Opens a connection to the MySQL Server.

参数

hostname

Can be either a host name or an IP address. The local host is assumed when passing the null value or the string "localhost" to this parameter. When possible, pipes will be used instead of the TCP/IP protocol. The TCP/IP protocol is used if a host name and port number are provided together e.g. localhost:3308.

Prepending host by p: opens a persistent connection. mysqli_change_user() is automatically called on connections opened from the connection pool.

username

The MySQL user name.

password

If not provided or null, the MySQL server will attempt to authenticate the user against those user records which have no password only. This allows one username to be used with different permissions (depending on if a password is provided or not).

database

If provided will specify the default database to be used when performing queries.

port

Specifies the port number to attempt to connect to the MySQL server.

socket

Specifies the socket or named pipe that should be used.

注意:

Specifying the socket parameter will not explicitly determine the type of connection to be used when connecting to the MySQL server. How the connection is made to the MySQL database is determined by the hostname parameter.

返回值

mysqli::__construct() always returns an object which represents the connection to a MySQL Server, regardless of it being successful or not.

mysqli_connect() returns an object which represents the connection to a MySQL Server, 或者在失败时返回 false.

mysqli::connect() returns null on success 或者在失败时返回 false.

错误／异常

If MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT is enabled and the attempt to connect to the requested database fails, a mysqli_sql_exception is thrown.

范例

示例 #1 mysqli::__construct() example

面向对象风格

<?php

/* You should enable error reporting for mysqli before attempting to make a connection */
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);

$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');

/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
$mysqli->set_charset('utf8mb4');

printf("Success... %s\n", $mysqli->host_info);

过程化风格

<?php

/* You should enable error reporting for mysqli before attempting to make a connection */
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);

$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');

/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
mysqli_set_charset($mysqli, 'utf8mb4');

printf("Success... %s\n", mysqli_get_host_info($mysqli));

以上例程的输出类似于：

Success... localhost via TCP/IP

示例 #2 Extending mysqli class

<?php

class FooMysqli extends mysqli {
    public function __construct($host, $user, $pass, $db, $port, $socket, $charset) {
        mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);
        parent::__construct($host, $user, $pass, $db, $port, $socket);
        $this->set_charset($charset);
    }
}

$db = new FooMysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db', 3306, null, 'utf8mb4');

示例 #3 Manual error handling

If error reporting is disabled, the developer is responsible for checking and handling failures

面向对象风格

<?php

error_reporting(0);
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_OFF);
$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    throw new RuntimeException('mysqli connection error: ' . $mysqli->connect_error);
}

/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
$mysqli->set_charset('utf8mb4');
if ($mysqli->errno) {
    throw new RuntimeException('mysqli error: ' . $mysqli->error);
}

过程化风格

<?php

error_reporting(0);
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_OFF);
$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
    throw new RuntimeException('mysqli connection error: ' . mysqli_connect_error());
}

/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
mysqli_set_charset($mysqli, 'utf8mb4');
if (mysqli_errno($mysqli)) {
    throw new RuntimeException('mysqli error: ' . mysqli_error($mysqli));
}

注释

注意:

MySQLnd 总是使用服务器的默认字符集。此字符集在连接握手／认证时发送，并被 mysqlnd 使用。

Libmysqlclient 使用 my.cnf 中的默认字符集或者由在调用 mysqli_init() 之后，mysqli_real_connect() 之前先调用 mysqli_options() 来指定。

注意:

面向对象风格 only: If the connection fails, an object is still returned. To check whether the connection failed, use either the mysqli_connect_error() function or the mysqli->connect_error property as in the preceding examples.

注意:

If it is necessary to set options, such as the connection timeout, mysqli_real_connect() must be used instead.

注意:

Calling the constructor with no parameters is the same as calling mysqli_init().

注意:

Error "Can't create TCP/IP socket (10106)" usually means that the variables_order configure directive doesn't contain character E. On Windows, if the environment is not copied the SYSTEMROOT environment variable won't be available and PHP will have problems loading Winsock.

参见

add a noteadd a note

User Contributed Notes 12 notes

up
26
fugyl13 at gmail dot com
8 years ago
Note that on all >=Windows 7 Servers, a host name "localhost" will create a very expensive lookup (~1 Second).

That's because since Windows 7, the hosts file doesn't come with a preconfigured
127.0.0.1 localhost
anymore

So, if you notice a long connection creation, try "127.0.0.1" instead.
up
28
andres at 21brains dot com
8 years ago
Please do use set_charset("utf8") after establishing the connection if you want to avoid weird string issues. I do not know why the documentation does not warn you about this kind of stuff.

We had a hard time figuring out what was going on since we were using mb_detect_encoding and it said everything was UTF-8, but of course the display was wrong. If we used iconv from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8 the strings looked fine, even though everything in the database had the right collation. So in the end, it was the connection that was the filter and although the notes for this function mention default charsets, it almost reads as a sidenote instead of a central issue when dealing with UTF and PHP/MySQL.
up
4
php at haravikk dot me
4 years ago
Just wanted to add a note for anyone looking to use the MySQLi persistent connections feature; it's important to note that PHP opens and retains one connection per database user per process.

What this means is that if you are hosting multiple applications, each with its own database user (as is good practice) then you will end up multiplying the number of connections that PHP may hold open.

For example, if you have PHP configured with a maximum of eight worker processes, and you regularly use four different database users, then your MySQL server will need to accept at LEAST a maximum of 32 connections, or else it will run out.

However, if you would like to minimise the number of connections, what you can do is instead is to open the connection using a "guest" user (with no privileges except logging in) and then use ->change_user() to switch to a more privileged user, before switching back to the guest when you're done. Since all of the connections would therefore belong to the guest user, PHP should only maintain one per worker process.
up
5
chris at ocproducts dot com
5 years ago
There's a separate port parameter, unlike mysql_connect. However, using host:port on the host parameter does actually work.

There is a caveat. If the host is 'localhost' then the port is ignored, whether you use a port parameter or the implicit syntax I mentioned above. This is because 'localhost' will make it use unix sockets rather than TCP/IP.
up
8
paul at mtnlist dot com
9 years ago
If you want to connect via an alternate port (other than 3306), as you might when using an ssh tunnel to another host, using "localhost" as the hostname will not work.

Using 127.0.0.1 will work.  Apparently, if you specify the host as "localhost", the constructor ignores the port specified as an argument to the constructor.
up
4
PaulieG
6 years ago
It should be noted that on PHP 7 (v7.0.2 at least), passing the empty string '' for the Port argument while connecting to 'localhost' will prevent the connection from being successful altogether.

To work around this, use 'null'.
up
-2
Anonymous
12 years ago
If you get an error like
  Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (10061)
and you use named pipes/socket connections (or aren't sure how you installed the MySQL server) try the following connect command:

<?php
mysqli_connect('.', $user_name, $password, $database_name, null, 'mysql');
?>

The '.' as hostname is absolutely necessary when using named pipes. 'localhost' won't work. 'mysql' is the standard name for the pipe/socket.
up
-3
Ben
7 years ago
A far more secure and language independent way of connecting to mysql is to use the READ_DEFAULT_FILE options. This passes the workload over to the mysql library, which allows for the configuration file itself to be outside of the scope of the language.

The config file itself is something like this:
[client]
user=user_u
password=user_password
host=dbhost
port=3306
database=the_database
default-character-set=utf8

The following code fragment (in OO mysql_i format)

$sqlconf='/var/private/my.cnf';
$sql = new mysqli;
$sql->init();
$sql->options(MYSQLI_READ_DEFAULT_FILE,$sqlconf);
$sql->real_connect();
up
-6
webmaster at aryes dot fr
6 years ago
A friend of mine encountered a sudden bug with CMS Piwigo. I discovered that :
- He had a hosting rule to use PHP 5.6.
- The hoster uses 5.6.6, verified using phpinfo();.
- The CMS declared a database name parameter as null.

That gallery CMS was unable to connect to MySQL and left only a warning message about it.

We tried to revert back to PHP 5.5, the CMS worked again.

Then we switched back to 5.6.6 and changed those lines :

  $dbname = null;
 
  $mysqli = new mysqli($host, $user, $password, $dbname, $port, $socket);

to

  $dbname = ''; // Use an empty string, not null
 
  $mysqli = new mysqli($host, $user, $password, $dbname, $port, $socket);

It worked!

So if you made the same mistake, using null where the manual invites to use an empty string, you should consider correcting your code.
up
-9
linguafranca2003 at yahoo dot com
7 years ago
mysqli can succeed in surprising ways, depending on the privileges granted to the user. For example,

GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD 'mypassword';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `database_a`.* TO 'myuser'@'localhost';
CREATE DATABASE database_b;

<?php
$db = new mysqli('localhost', 'myuser', 'mypassword', 'database_b');

if ($db->connect_error) {
        die('Connect Error (' . $db->connect_errno . ') '
            . $mysqli->connect_error);
}

printf("SQLSTATE: %s\n", $this->db->sqlstate);
printf("Warning Count: %s\n", $db->warning_count);
$db->close();
?>

Will output:

SQLSTATE: 00000
Warning Count: 0

So, life is good — you're connected to the database and executing mysqli methods. Except, life isn't good, because you aren't actually using database_b because myuser doesn't have any privileges on it. You won't catch this until you try to perform a later operation, when you'll get an error, "MYSQL Error: No database selected", and find yourself scratching your head and thinking "what do you mean, of course I have a database selected; I selected one when I called the constructor".

As a result, you may want to perform an additional check after connecting to mysql, to confirm that you're actually connected not just to the mysql server, but to the actual database:

<?php
$db = new mysqli('localhost', 'myuser', 'mypassword', 'database_b');

if ($db->connect_error) {
        die('Connect Error (' . $db->connect_errno . ') '
            . $mysqli->connect_error);
} elseif ($result = $db->query("SELECT DATABASE()")) {
        $row = $result->fetch_row();
        if ($row[0] != 'database_b') {
                //oops! We're connected to mysql, but not to database_b
        }
}
?>
up
-4
powtac at gmx de
3 years ago
Be careful, mysqli_connect() does not return a resource ! It returns an instance of the mysqli class (http://php.net/manual/class.mysqli.php) The old mysql_connect() function did return a resource.
up
-13
oleg at mastak dot fi
9 years ago
If you want to connect to local named pipe on windows and you get error "php_network_getaddresses: getaddrinfo failed: No such host is known. ", even if you using using "." as host, please check your if you are using mysqlnd driver: If this is true, then probably you need to update to version 5.4 of php:

Named pipes support for Windows was added in PHP version 5.4.0.
@ http://php.net/manual/en/mysqlnd.overview.php

Hopefully that will save you some time.
add a noteadd a note

官方地址：https://www.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.construct.php

有任何技术问题请点击这里 网站运营推广招聘
IT PHP 编程语言 Linux 开发编程 科技 Elasticsearch HTML/CSS/XML 网络 数据库 JAVA 面试 NoSQL C/C++ Golang Git 算法 操作系统 正则表达式 Redis 互联网 MySql JavaScript 运维 软件 国际 架构设计 Mac OS TCP/IP Excel Vim Windows Socket Oracle VR MongoDB Python 运营 MemCache 商业 硬件 电子 娱乐 设计 nginx 摄影 游戏 WordPress HTTP 团建 数码电器
冷却塔厂家 广告
中文GPT4.0无需注册 广告
php7 安装fileinfo扩展 preg_split — 通过一个正则表达式分隔字符串 php位值,解决 PHP 中 usort 在值相同时改变原始位置的问题 [PHP] inet_pton/inet_ntop IP地址转换函数 [鸟哥]PHP_INT_MIN 和 -9223372036854775808 PHP 8.1 ADORecordSet对象 adodb手册 opcache预加载 Composer的Packagist资源 array_multisort() 多字段排序 mysql面试题 PHPMailer设置utf8 PHPMailer字符集CharSet PHP json解析（json_decode）页面工具 php中几种注释规范 [原创]诡异的php-fpm超时问题 PHP获取指定函数定义在哪个文件中及行号 php上周一、本周一、下周一日期 [鸟哥]PHP FFI详解 - 一种全新的PHP扩展方式 php扩展开发
联系我们 半月雨文化 可降解耗材网 蓝云环保 78免费小説 上海网站seo优化 工程造价 币安app官网下载 币安app官网下载安卓 币安app官网下载 seo查询
北京半月雨文化科技有限公司.版权所有 京ICP备12026184号-3