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PHP - Manual: MongoDB::command

2024-12-23

MongoDB::command

(PECL mongo >=0.9.2)

MongoDB::command执行一条 Mongo 指令

说明

public MongoDB::command ( array $command [, array $options = array() ] ) : array

几乎所有不属于CRUD操作的事情都可以通过一条“数据库指令”完成。需要知道数据库的版本?有一条指令可以实现。需要进行一次聚合?有一条指令可以实现。想要提高日志级别?有一条指令可以实现。我想你已经领会到了。

该方法等同于:

<?php

public function command($data) {
    return 
$this->selectCollection('$cmd')->findOne($data);
}

?>

参数

command

要发送的指令

options

该参数是一个具有以下形式的关联数组: array("optionname" => <boolean>, ...),现在支持的选项有:

  • "timeout"

    Integer, defaults to MongoCursor::$timeout. If "safe" is set, this sets how long (in milliseconds) for the client to wait for a database response. If the database does not respond within the timeout period, a MongoCursorTimeoutException will be thrown.

更新日志

版本 说明
1.2.0 添加 options 参数,和一个选项:"timeout"

返回值

返回数据库响应。每个响应都不会超过一个文档的大小,也就是不会超过16MB。 结果文档的结构与执行的指令有关,但大部分结果都有 ok 字段来表示成功还是失败。以及 results 字段包含一个结果文档数组。

范例

Example #1 MongoDB::command() "distinct"实例

查找一个键的所有不重复值

<?php

$people 
$db->people;

$people->insert(array("name" => "Joe""age" => 4));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Sally""age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Dave""age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Molly""age" => 87));

$ages $db->command(array("distinct" => "people""key" => "age"));

foreach (
$ages['values'] as $age) {
    echo 
"$age\n";
}

?>

以上例程的输出类似于:


4
22
87

Example #2 MongoDB::command() "distinct"实例

查找一个键的所有不重复值,并且这些值大于等于18

<?php

$people 
$db->people;

$people->insert(array("name" => "Joe""age" => 4));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Sally""age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Dave""age" => 22));
$people->insert(array("name" => "Molly""age" => 87));

$ages $db->command(
    array(
        
"distinct" => "people",
        
"key" => "age"
        
"query" => array("age" => array('$gte' => 18))
    )
);  

foreach (
$ages['values'] as $age) {
    echo 
"$age\n";
}

?>

以上例程的输出类似于:


22
87

Example #3 MongoDB::command() MapReduce实例

获取所有有type=sale这样的"event"的用户,以及他们分别有几个这样的"event"(注:此处的event是一个集合的名字)

<?php

// sample event document
$events->insert(array("user_id" => $id
    
"type" => $type
    
"time" => new MongoDate(), 
    
"desc" => $description));

// construct map and reduce functions
$map = new MongoCode("function() { emit(this.user_id,1); }");
$reduce = new MongoCode("function(k, vals) { ".
    
"var sum = 0;".
    
"for (var i in vals) {".
        
"sum += vals[i];"
    
"}".
    
"return sum; }");

$sales $db->command(array(
    
"mapreduce" => "events"
    
"map" => $map,
    
"reduce" => $reduce,
    
"query" => array("type" => "sale"),
    
"out" => array("merge" => "eventCounts")));

$users $db->selectCollection($sales['result'])->find();

foreach (
$users as $user) {
    echo 
"{$user['_id']} had {$user['value']} sale(s).\n";
}

?>

以上例程的输出类似于:


User 47cc67093475061e3d9536d2 had 3 sale(s).
User 49902cde5162504500b45c2c had 14 sale(s).
User 4af467e4fd543cce7b0ea8e2 had 1 sale(s).

Note: 使用 MongoCode

这个例子使用了 MongoCode,它还可以接受一个作用域参数。然而,现在 MongoDB 还不支持在 MapReduce 中使用它, 如果你需要在MapReduce函数里用一个客户端参数,那么你可以在使用MapReduce的时候用“optional scope”字段把它们添加到全局作用域中,参考 » MapReduce文档 来获得更多信息。

Note: out 参数

1.8.0以前,out 参数是可选的,如果你不使用它,MapReduce的结果将被写入一个临时集合里,这个临时集合会在连接关闭后删除。 1.8.0以后,out 参数是必须的,参考 » MapReduce documentation 来获得更多信息。

Example #4 MongoDB::command() "textSearch"实例

在MongoDB 2.4以上版本中使用全文检索功能(之前的版本不支持全文检索)。

<?php
$m 
= new MongoClient();
$d $m->demo;
$c $d->planets;

$c->insert(array("name" => "Mercury""desc" => "Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun"));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Venus""desc" => "Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days."));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Earth""desc" => "Earth is the the densest of the eight planets in the Solar System."));
$c->insert(array("name" => "Mars""desc" => "Mars is named after the Roman god of war."));

$c->ensureIndex(array('desc' => 'text'));

$r $d->command(array("text" => "planets"'search' => "sun" ));
print_r($r);
?>

以上例程的输出类似于:


Array
(
[queryDebugString] => sun||||||
[language] => english
[results] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[score] => 0.625
[obj] => Array
(
[_id] => MongoId Object
(
[$id] => 517549d944670a4a5cb3059a
)

[name] => Mercury
[desc] => Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun
)

)

[1] => Array
(
[score] => 0.55
[obj] => Array
(
[_id] => MongoId Object
(
[$id] => 517549d944670a4a5cb3059b
)

[name] => Venus
[desc] => Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
)

)

)

[stats] => Array
(
[nscanned] => 2
[nscannedObjects] => 0
[n] => 2
[nfound] => 2
[timeMicros] => 95
)

[ok] => 1
)

Example #5 MongoDB::command() "geoNear"实例

这个实例说明了如何使用 geoNear 指令。

<?php
$m 
= new MongoClient();
$d $m->demo;
$c $d->poiConcat;

$r $d->command(array(
    
'geoNear' => "poiConcat",      // 在 poiConcat 集合中
    
'near' => array(-0.0851.48), // 搜索 51.48°N, 0.08°E 附近
    
'spherical' => true,           // 启用特殊搜索
    
'num' => 5,                    // 最多返回5个文档
));
print_r($r);
?>

参见

MongoDB 核心文档的 » 数据库指令 ,以及这些特定指令的文档 » findAndModify» getLastError» repairDatabase (还有很多其他指令,这只是一些例子)

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User Contributed Notes 5 notes

up
4
Min He
8 years ago
rename a collection:

<?php
$m
= new Mongo();
$adminDB = $m->admin; //require admin priviledge

//rename collection 'colA' in db 'yourdbA' to collection 'colB' in another db 'yourdbB'

$res = $adminDB->command(array(
   
"renameCollection" => "yourdbA.colA",
   
"to" => "yourdbB.colB"
));

var_dump($res);
?>
up
3
Anonymous
7 years ago
> Need to know the database version? There's a command for that.

We didn't find it - ended up using either;

<?php
$m
= new Mongo();

$adminDB = $m->admin; //require admin priviledge

$mongodb_info = $adminDB->command(array('buildinfo'=>true));
$mongodb_version = $mongodb_info['version'];

print_r($mongodb_info);
?>

or

<?php
$v
= `mongo --version`;
print_r($v);
?>
up
3
mcuadros at gmail dot com
6 years ago
Command of Mongo 2.4 Text Search feature.

<?php
$result
= $db->command(
    array(
       
'text' => 'bar', //this is the name of the collection where we are searching
       
'search' => 'hotel', //the string to search
       
'limit' => 5, //the number of results, by default is 1000
       
'project' => Array( //the fields to retrieve from db
           
'title' => 1
       
)
    )
);
up
3
roman dot drapeko at gmail dot com
8 years ago
I tried to write MapReduce. Unfortunately, out => array('replace' => 'collName') did not work for me. Instead, the below code works

<?php
$mongo
->command(array(
    
'mapreduce' => 'events',
    
'map' => $map,
    
'reduce' => $reduce,
    
'out' => 'mapReduceEventStats'
));
?>
up
-5
nanhe dot kumar at gmail dot com
5 years ago
$db=new new Mongo();

Copy old_db to new_db

$responseCopy = $db->admin->command(array(
    'copydb' => 1,
    'fromhost' => 'localhost',
    'fromdb' => 'old_db',
    'todb' =>'new_db'
    ));

Now drop old_db

if($responseCopy['ok']==1){
$responseDrop=$db->old_db->command(array('dropDatabase' => 1));
//OR
$responseDrop =$db->old_db->drop();
}

Show Output

print_r($responseCopy);
print_r($responseDrop);

Output will be something like this

Array ( [ok] => 1 )
Array ( [dropped] => old_db [ok] => 1 )

官方地址:https://www.php.net/manual/en/mongodb.command.php

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