PHP - Manual: log

2024-12-24

max »

« log1p

log

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

log — 自然对数

说明

log(float $arg, float $base = M_E): float

如果指定了可选的参数 base，log() 返回 log_basearg，否则 log() 返回参数 arg 的自然对数。

参数

arg: 要计算对数的值
base: The optional logarithmic base to use (defaults to 'e' and so to the natural logarithm).

返回值

返回 log_basearg，或者它的自然对数。

更新日志

版本	说明
4.3.0	可选参数 `base`可用。你可以计算任意以 `b` 为底 `n` 的对数，但其实使用的是数学等式：log_b(n) = log(n)/log(b)，其中 log 是自然对数。

参见

log10() - 以 10 为底的对数
exp() - 计算 e 的指数
pow() - 指数表达式

add a note

User Contributed Notes 8 notes

down

c0x at mail dot ru ¶

17 years ago


more general version, works fine on negative, very big ($value > 1E+18) and very small ($value < 1E-18) numbers.

function expn($value, $prec = 3, $base = 1000, $prefix = '') {
    $e = array('a', 'f', 'p', 'n', 'u', 'm', '', 'k', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E');
    $p = min(max(floor(log(abs($value), $base)), -6), 6);
    return round((float)$value / pow($base, $p), $prec) . $prefx . $e[$p + 6];
}

down

-2

olafurw [at] gmail.com ¶

13 years ago


For those interested. Works with older than 4.3 versions.

<?php
    function byteConvert($bytes)
    {
        $s = array('B', 'Kb', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB');
        $e = floor(log($bytes)/log(1024));
      
        return sprintf('%.2f '.$s[$e], ($bytes/pow(1024, floor($e))));
    }
?>

down

-5

ClaudiuS ¶

9 years ago


If you just need to check if N is a perfect power of Base, log() is SLOW compared to a WHILE construct that will be 2x faster! 

Tested on range: 1 ... 20.000.000 => while() is 2.105 times faster

<?php 

$number='fill in your number here'
$base='fill in requested base here';

//use when the power is needed
$pow=0;do { $number/=$base;$pow++; } while ($number>1);
if ($number==1) print $base.'^'.$pow;
else print 'False';

//use when just a check is needed
do $number/=$base; while ($number>1);
if ($number==1) print 'True';
else print 'False';
?>

down

-7

mcmeijer at yahoo dot com ¶

17 years ago


$val = 1000000
$val2 = floor(log($val,10)) gives a value of 5 for $val2 and not 6 as expected.
$val2 = floor(log10($val)) gives the correct value.

down

-5

rhinopete at batpudding dot com ¶

3 years ago


Seems like unit prefixes should have a standard PHP function.  Maybe in the future.

I found this page while looking for a quick unit prefix function.  The one by  olafurw was voted down, I think because it had unchecked array indexes and /0s.  So here it is fixed and readable.

-Should work down to PHP 4.
-Not meant for fractions or negatives, so anything less than 1 returns 0.
-Not very effective on really really large numbers, but it's easy to add more prefixes.
-Doesn't handle non numeric arguments. PHP 7+ can do this: function binaryprefix( int $units, $unit = '' )

// returns reduced $units with a binary prefix
// ex. ( 110974120, 'B' ) == 105.8MiB
// ex. ( 2^100, 'B' ) == 1048576.0YiB
// ex. ( 0.12314, 'B' ) == 0B
function binaryprefix( $units, $unit = '' )
{
    $prefix = array('', 'Ki', 'Mi', 'Gi', 'Ti', 'Pi', 'Ei', 'Zi', 'Yi');
    $exponent = min( floor( log( max( 1, $units ), 1024 ) ), count( $prefix ) - 1 );

    if ( $units < 1024 )
        return sprintf( '%d%s%s', max( 1, $units + 1 ) - 1, $prefix[$exponent], $unit );
    else
        return sprintf( '%.1f%s%s', $units / pow(1024, $exponent), $prefix[$exponent], $unit );
}

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix#Adoption_by_IEC.2C_NIST_and_ISO

Also more colloquially:
    $prefix = array('', 'k', 'm', 'g', 't', 'p', 'e', 'z', 'y');

down

-8

admin at worldtakeover dot tk ¶

18 years ago


In regards to the note about log in base 10 and the round() function. You need to use floor() instead of round() to find out the order of magnitude. That way, you don't have to worry about subtracting 0.5 or whatever.

down

-10

dingus_76 at hotmail dot com ¶

14 years ago


well i been pulling my hair out trying to get log to work with big numbers and i ended up writing a bclog function so to save everyone else the stress here it is

<?php
function bclog($X,$base=10,$decimalplace=12){
    $integer_value=0;
    while($X < 1){
        $integer_value = $integer_value - 1 ;
        $X = bcmul($X , base);
    }
    while($X >= $base){
        $integer_value = $integer_value + 1;
        $X = bcdiv($X , $base );
    }
    $decimal_fraction = 0.0;
    $partial = 1.0;
    # Replace X with X to the 10th power
    $X = bcpow($X , 10);
    while($decimalplace > 0){
        $partial = bcdiv($partial , 10);
        $digit=0;
        while($X >= $base){
              $digit = $digit + 1;
              $X = bcdiv($X , $base);
        }
        $decimal_fraction = bcadd($decimal_fraction , bcmul($digit , $partial));
        # Replace X with X to the 10th power
        $X = bcpow($X , 10);
        $decimalplace = $decimalplace - 1 ;
    }
    return $integer_value + $decimal_fraction ;
}
?>

down

-22

Ulf Wostner ¶

15 years ago


<?php

#--------------------------------------------------------
#     How many digits does an integer have?
#--------------------------------------------------------

function digit_count($n, $base=10) {

  if($n == 0) return 1;

  if($base == 10) {
    # using the built-in log10(x)
    # might be more accurate than log(x)/log(10).
    return 1 + floor(log10(abs($n)));
  }else{
    # here  logB(x) = log(x)/log(B) will have to do.
   return 1 + floor(log(abs($n))/ log($base));
  }
}

# Example:  How many decimal digits for 2 to the power 24?
echo digit_count(pow(2, 24));

# Example: How many bits to write 1 billion in binary, last century?

if($country_code  == 'US') echo digit_count(pow(10, 9), 2);
if($country_code == 'UK') echo digit_count(pow(10, 12), 2);

#--------------------------------------------------------
#     Using log to format columns.
#--------------------------------------------------------

# Suppose we have a dynamically generated list of integers,
# and want to present them as a table. The use of log10 in
# our digit_count helps calculate the proper format string.

function print_list_of_ints($ints, $line_width=40) {

  # Apply our digit_count to the max int among ints.
  $field_width = 2 + digit_count(max($ints));

  # Create format string for printf.
  $format = "%${field_width}d";

  $ints_per_line = floor($line_width/$field_width);

  $border = str_repeat("-", $ints_per_line * $field_width);

  echo "\n$border\n";

  foreach($ints as $count => $int) {
    if( $count and ($count % $ints_per_line == 0)) echo "\n";
    printf($format, $int);
  }

  echo "\n$border\n";
}

# To generate an example, here is a basic function
# returning a list of (pseudo) random numbers.

function rands($how_many) {
  for($i=0; $i < $how_many; $i++) $rands[] = rand();
  return $rands;
}

# Example:  A list of random ints dynamically formatted into columns.

print_list_of_ints(rands(11));

/* Sample output. Numbers and fonts vary. Visualize monospace!

------------------------------------
  1093146637   244503173  1346204527
   638304372   140216732  1054707210
   573915416  1728677954  2038899669
   534854768    12674586
------------------------------------

*/

?>

add a note

官方地址：https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.log.php

有任何技术问题请点击这里网站运营推广招聘

IT PHP 编程语言 Linux 开发编程科技 Elasticsearch HTML/CSS/XML 网络数据库 JAVA 面试 NoSQL C/C++ Golang Git 算法操作系统正则表达式 Redis 互联网 MySql JavaScript 运维软件国际架构设计 Mac OS TCP/IP Excel Vim Windows Socket Oracle VR MongoDB Python 运营 MemCache 商业硬件电子娱乐设计 nginx 摄影游戏 WordPress HTTP 团建数码电器

php7 安装fileinfo扩展 preg_split — 通过一个正则表达式分隔字符串 php位值,解决 PHP 中 usort 在值相同时改变原始位置的问题 [PHP] inet_pton/inet_ntop IP地址转换函数 [鸟哥]PHP_INT_MIN 和 -9223372036854775808 PHP 8.1 ADORecordSet对象 adodb手册 opcache预加载 Composer的Packagist资源 array_multisort() 多字段排序 mysql面试题 PHPMailer设置utf8 PHPMailer字符集CharSet PHP json解析（json_decode）页面工具 php中几种注释规范 php上周一、本周一、下周一日期 [原创]诡异的php-fpm超时问题 php扩展开发 PHP获取指定函数定义在哪个文件中及行号 PHP5 扩展SOAP 调用 webservice

略微加速

PHP官方手册 - 互联网笔记

log

说明

参数

返回值

更新日志

参见

User Contributed Notes 8 notes