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PHP - Manual: iconv_mime_encode

2024-11-23

iconv_mime_encode

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

iconv_mime_encodeComposes a MIME header field

说明

iconv_mime_encode(string $field_name, string $field_value, array $options = []): string|false

Composes and returns a string that represents a valid MIME header field, which looks like the following:

Subject: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Pr=FCfung_f=FCr?= Entwerfen von einer MIME kopfzeile
In the above example, "Subject" is the field name and the portion that begins with "=?ISO-8859-1?..." is the field value.

参数

field_name

The field name.

field_value

The field value.

options

You can control the behaviour of iconv_mime_encode() by specifying an associative array that contains configuration items to the optional third parameter options. The items supported by iconv_mime_encode() are listed below. Note that item names are treated case-sensitive.

Configuration items supported by iconv_mime_encode()
Item Type Description Default value Example
scheme string Specifies the method to encode a field value by. The value of this item may be either "B" or "Q", where "B" stands for base64 encoding scheme and "Q" stands for quoted-printable encoding scheme. B B
input-charset string Specifies the character set in which the first parameter field_name and the second parameter field_value are presented. If not given, iconv_mime_encode() assumes those parameters are presented to it in the iconv.internal_encoding ini setting. iconv.internal_encoding ISO-8859-1
output-charset string Specifies the character set to use to compose the MIME header. iconv.internal_encoding UTF-8
line-length int Specifies the maximum length of the header lines. The resulting header is "folded" to a set of multiple lines in case the resulting header field would be longer than the value of this parameter, according to » RFC2822 - Internet Message Format. If not given, the length will be limited to 76 characters. 76 996
line-break-chars string Specifies the sequence of characters to append to each line as an end-of-line sign when "folding" is performed on a long header field. If not given, this defaults to "\r\n" (CR LF). Note that this parameter is always treated as an ASCII string regardless of the value of input-charset. \r\n \n

返回值

Returns an encoded MIME field on success, or false if an error occurs during the encoding.

范例

示例 #1 iconv_mime_encode() example

<?php
$preferences 
= array(
    
"input-charset" => "ISO-8859-1",
    
"output-charset" => "UTF-8",
    
"line-length" => 76,
    
"line-break-chars" => "\n"
);
$preferences["scheme"] = "Q";
// This yields "Subject: =?UTF-8?Q?Pr=C3=BCfung=20Pr=C3=BCfung?="
echo iconv_mime_encode("Subject""Prüfung Prüfung"$preferences);

$preferences["scheme"] = "B";
// This yields "Subject: =?UTF-8?B?UHLDvGZ1bmcgUHLDvGZ1bmc=?="
echo iconv_mime_encode("Subject""Prüfung Prüfung"$preferences);
?>

参见

add a noteadd a note

User Contributed Notes 3 notes

up
1
cedric at gn dot apc dot org
10 years ago
iconv_mime_encode() isn't directly suitable for encoding headers which include "specials" as described in RFC 1522 s4 & s5, for example
<?php
$mimeprefs
= array ("scheme" => "Q",
                   
"input-charset" => "utf-8",
                   
"output-charset" => "utf-8",
                   
"line-break-chars" => "\n");
$enc = iconv_mime_encode('From''"Réal Namé" <user@example.com>', $prefs);
?>
will wrongly attempt to encode the angle brackets.  To use the function in place of mb_encode_mimeheader(), instead you need to encode the words separately, removing the superfluous field name:

<?php
$encoded
= "From: \"". preg_replace('/^:\s+/', '', iconv_mime_encode("", $real, $mimeprefs))."\" <$email>";
?>

Also, values of "line-length" greater than 76 would be illegal under RFC 1522 and resulting encoded words may not be recognised.  (Not tested, but 72 would be safer.)
up
0
shaman_master at list dot ru
2 years ago
From mail(): Lines should not belarger than 70 characters.  Not 76 and not 72!
up
0
markus AT birth MINUS online DOT de
12 years ago
Looks like this function suffers from the same bug as mb_encode_mime() with long strings of non us-ascii characters. The function then returns false. This applies for utf-8 to utf-8 "conversion".

<?php
$subject
= 'Вы находитесь здесь: Главная > продукт';

$prefs = array(
   
'scheme' => 'Q',
   
'input-charset' => 'UTF-8',
   
'output-charset' => 'UTF-8',
   
'line-length' => 76,
   
'line-break-chars' => "\r\n",
);

echo
'Original: ' . $subject . PHP_EOL;
$enc = iconv_mime_encode( 'Subject', $subject, $prefs );
var_dump( $enc );  // will show bool(false)
?>

As a workaround, you could explode() the value on spaces and encode each word separately. Then remove the "Subject: " in front of the resulting strings and join() them with "\r\n " (don't forget the SPACE after the \n) as separator.

官方地址:https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.iconv-mime-encode.php

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