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Mysql关键字和保留字 - 版本5.7

2021-04-28 leiting (2631阅读)

标签 MySql

Mysql关键字和保留字 - 版本5.7

1. Mysql关键字简介

    关键字是在SQL中具有重要意义的词。某些关键字,如SELECT, DELETE或 BIGINT,被保留,需要用作标识符,例如表和列名特殊待遇。对于内置函数的名称也是如此。

    非保留关键字作为标识符而不引用,保留字被允许作为标识符:// 比如mysql> CREATE TABLE interval (begin INT, end INT);
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax ...
near 'interval (begin INT, end INT)'    BEGIN并且END是关键字,但不保留,因此它们用作标识符不需要引用。INTERVAL是一个保留关键字,必须引用为标识符// 比如mysql> CREATE TABLE `interval` (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    例外:在限定名称中的句点后面的单词必须是一个标识符,所以即使被保留也不需要引用它// 比如mysql> CREATE TABLE mydb.interval (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    Mysql允许内置函数的名称作为标识符,但可能需要谨慎使用。例如, COUNT作为列名可以接受。但是,默认情况下,在函数名和下一个( 字符之间的函数调用中不允许有空格。该要求使解析器能够区分名称是在函数调用还是在非功能上下文中使用。

    下表想你展示了MySQL 5.7中的关键字和保留字,以及从版本到版本的单个字的更改。保留关键字标有(R)。另外,_FILENAME是保留的。

    在需要的时候,你可能会升级到更高版本,所以最好先看看未来的保留字。1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526

2. 关键字表

关键字关键字关键字
ACCESSIBLE (R)ACCOUNTACTION
ADD (R)AFTERAGAINST
AGGREGATEALGORITHMALL (R)
ALTER (R)ALWAYSANALYSE
ANALYZE (R)AND (R)ANY
AS (R)ASC (R)ASCII
ASENSITIVE (R)ATAUTOEXTEND_SIZE
AUTO_INCREMENTAVGAVG_ROW_LENGTH
BACKUPBEFORE (R)BEGIN
BETWEEN (R)BIGINT (R)BINARY (R)
BINLOGBITBLOB (R)
BLOCKBOOLBOOLEAN
BOTH (R)BTREEBY (R)
BYTECACHECALL (R)
CASCADE (R)CASCADEDCASE (R)
CATALOG_NAMECHAINCHANGE (R)
CHANGEDCHANNEL[C]CHAR (R)
CHARACTER (R)CHARSETCHECK (R)
CHECKSUMCIPHERCLASS_ORIGIN
CLIENTCLOSECOALESCE
CODECOLLATE (R)COLLATION
COLUMN (R)COLUMNSCOLUMN_FORMAT
COLUMN_NAMECOMMENTCOMMIT
COMMITTEDCOMPACTCOMPLETION
COMPRESSEDCOMPRESSION并[d]CONCURRENT
CONDITION (R)CONNECTIONCONSISTENT
CONSTRAINT (R)CONSTRAINT_CATALOGCONSTRAINT_NAME
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMACONTAINSCONTEXT
CONTINUE (R)CONVERT (R)CPU
CREATE (R)CROSS (R)CUBE
CURRENTCURRENT_DATE (R)CURRENT_TIME (R)
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R)CURRENT_USER (R)CURSOR (R)
CURSOR_NAMEDATADATABASE (R)
DATABASES (R)DATAFILEDATE
DATETIMEDAYDAY_HOUR (R)
DAY_MICROSECOND (R)DAY_MINUTE (R)DAY_SECOND (R)
DEALLOCATEDEC (R)DECIMAL (R)
DECLARE (R)DEFAULT (R)DEFAULT_AUTH
DEFINERDELAYED (R)DELAY_KEY_WRITE
DELETE (R)DESC (R)DESCRIBE (R)
DES_KEY_FILEDETERMINISTIC (R)DIAGNOSTICS
DIRECTORYDISABLEDISCARD
DISKDISTINCT (R)DISTINCTROW (R)
DIV (R)DODOUBLE (R)
DROP (R)DUAL (R)DUMPFILE
DUPLICATEDYNAMICEACH (R)
ELSE (R)ELSEIF (R)ENABLE
ENCLOSED (R)ENCRYPTION并[e]END
ENDSENGINEENGINES
ENUMERRORERRORS
ESCAPEESCAPED (R)EVENT
EVENTSEVERYEXCHANGE
EXECUTEEXISTS (R)EXIT (R)
EXPANSIONEXPIREEXPLAIN (R)
EXPORTEXTENDEDEXTENT_SIZE
FALSE (R)FASTFAULTS
FETCH (R)FIELDSFILE
FILE_BLOCK_SIZE[F]FILTER[G]FIRST
FIXEDFLOAT (R)FLOAT4 (R)
FLOAT8 (R)FLUSHFOLLOWS[H]
FOR (R)FORCE (R)FOREIGN (R)
FORMATFOUNDFROM (R)
FULLFULLTEXT (R)FUNCTION
GENERALGENERATED[i](R)GEOMETRY
GEOMETRYCOLLECTIONGET (R)GET_FORMAT
GLOBALGRANT (R)GRANTS
GROUP (R)GROUP_REPLICATION[j]的HANDLER
HASHHAVING (R)HELP
HIGH_PRIORITY (R)HOSTHOSTS
HOURHOUR_MICROSECOND (R)HOUR_MINUTE (R)
HOUR_SECOND (R)IDENTIFIEDIF (R)
IGNORE (R)IGNORE_SERVER_IDSIMPORT
IN (R)INDEX (R)INDEXES
INFILE (R)INITIAL_SIZEINNER (R)
INOUT (R)INSENSITIVE (R)INSERT (R)
INSERT_METHODINSTALLINSTANCE[K]
INT (R)INT1 (R)INT2 (R)
INT3 (R)INT4 (R)INT8 (R)
INTEGER (R)INTERVAL (R)INTO (R)
INVOKERIOIO_AFTER_GTIDS (R)
IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R)IO_THREADIPC
IS (R)ISOLATIONISSUER
ITERATE (R)JOIN (R)JSON[1]
KEY (R)KEYS (R)KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
KILL (R)LANGUAGELAST
LEADING (R)LEAVE (R)LEAVES
LEFT (R)LESSLEVEL
LIKE (R)LIMIT (R)LINEAR (R)
LINES (R)LINESTRINGLIST
LOAD (R)LOCALLOCALTIME (R)
LOCALTIMESTAMP (R)LOCK (R)LOCKS
LOGFILELOGSLONG (R)
LONGBLOB (R)LONGTEXT (R)LOOP (R)
LOW_PRIORITY (R)MASTERMASTER_AUTO_POSITION
MASTER_BIND (R)MASTER_CONNECT_RETRYMASTER_DELAY
MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIODMASTER_HOSTMASTER_LOG_FILE
MASTER_LOG_POSMASTER_PASSWORDMASTER_PORT
MASTER_RETRY_COUNTMASTER_SERVER_IDMASTER_SSL
MASTER_SSL_CAMASTER_SSL_CAPATHMASTER_SSL_CERT
MASTER_SSL_CIPHERMASTER_SSL_CRLMASTER_SSL_CRLPATH
MASTER_SSL_KEYMASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT (R)MASTER_TLS_VERSION[米]
MASTER_USERMATCH (R)MAXVALUE (R)
MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOURMAX_QUERIES_PER_HOURMAX_ROWS
MAX_SIZEMAX_STATEMENT_TIME[n]的MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR
MAX_USER_CONNECTIONSMEDIUMMEDIUMBLOB (R)
MEDIUMINT (R)MEDIUMTEXT (R)MEMORY
MERGEMESSAGE_TEXTMICROSECOND
MIDDLEINT (R)MIGRATEMINUTE
MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R)MINUTE_SECOND (R)MIN_ROWS
MOD (R)MODEMODIFIES (R)
MODIFYMONTHMULTILINESTRING
MULTIPOINTMULTIPOLYGONMUTEX
MYSQL_ERRNONAMENAMES
NATIONALNATURAL (R)NCHAR
NDBNDBCLUSTERNEVER[O]
NEWNEXTNO
NODEGROUPNONBLOCKING[P]NONE
NOT (R)NO_WAITNO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R)
NULL (R)NUMBERNUMERIC (R)
NVARCHAROFFSETOLD_PASSWORD[Q]
ON (R)ONEONLY
OPENOPTIMIZE (R)OPTIMIZER_COSTS[r](R)
OPTION (R)OPTIONALLY (R)OPTIONS
OR (R)ORDER (R)OUT (R)
OUTER (R)OUTFILE (R)OWNER
PACK_KEYSPAGEPARSER
PARSE_GCOL_EXPR[S]PARTIALPARTITION (R)
PARTITIONINGPARTITIONSPASSWORD
PHASEPLUGINPLUGINS
PLUGIN_DIRPOINTPOLYGON
PORTPRECEDES[T]PRECISION (R)
PREPAREPRESERVEPREV
PRIMARY (R)PRIVILEGESPROCEDURE (R)
PROCESSLISTPROFILEPROFILES
PROXYPURGE (R)QUARTER
QUERYQUICKRANGE (R)
READ (R)READS (R)READ_ONLY
READ_WRITE (R)REAL (R)REBUILD
RECOVERREDOFILEREDO_BUFFER_SIZE
REDUNDANTREFERENCES (R)REGEXP (R)
RELAYRELAYLOGRELAY_LOG_FILE
RELAY_LOG_POSRELAY_THREADRELEASE (R)
RELOADREMOVERENAME (R)
REORGANIZEREPAIRREPEAT (R)
REPEATABLEREPLACE (R)REPLICATE_DO_DB[U]
REPLICATE_DO_TABLE[V]REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB[W]REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE[X]
REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB[Y]REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE[Z]REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE[AA]
REPLICATIONREQUIRE (R)RESET
RESIGNAL (R)RESTORERESTRICT (R)
RESUMERETURN (R)RETURNED_SQLSTATE
RETURNSREVERSEREVOKE (R)
RIGHT (R)RLIKE (R)ROLLBACK
ROLLUPROTATE[AB]ROUTINE
ROWROWSROW_COUNT
ROW_FORMATRTREESAVEPOINT
SCHEDULESCHEMA (R)SCHEMAS (R)
SCHEMA_NAMESECONDSECOND_MICROSECOND (R)
SECURITYSELECT (R)SENSITIVE (R)
SEPARATOR (R)SERIALSERIALIZABLE
SERVERSESSIONSET (R)
SHARESHOW (R)SHUTDOWN
SIGNAL (R)SIGNEDSIMPLE
SLAVESLOWSMALLINT (R)
SNAPSHOTSOCKETSOME
SONAMESOUNDSSOURCE
SPATIAL (R)SPECIFIC (R)SQL (R)
SQLEXCEPTION (R)SQLSTATE (R)SQLWARNING (R)
SQL_AFTER_GTIDSSQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPSSQL_BEFORE_GTIDS
SQL_BIG_RESULT (R)SQL_BUFFER_RESULTSQL_CACHE
SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R)SQL_NO_CACHESQL_SMALL_RESULT (R)
SQL_THREADSQL_TSI_DAYSQL_TSI_HOUR
SQL_TSI_MINUTESQL_TSI_MONTHSQL_TSI_QUARTER
SQL_TSI_SECONDSQL_TSI_WEEKSQL_TSI_YEAR
SSL (R)STACKEDSTART
STARTING (R)STARTSSTATS_AUTO_RECALC
STATS_PERSISTENTSTATS_SAMPLE_PAGESSTATUS
STOPSTORAGESTORED[ac](R)
STRAIGHT_JOIN (R)STRINGSUBCLASS_ORIGIN
SUBJECTSUBPARTITIONSUBPARTITIONS
SUPERSUSPENDSWAPS
SWITCHESTABLE (R)TABLES
TABLESPACETABLE_CHECKSUMTABLE_NAME
TEMPORARYTEMPTABLETERMINATED (R)
TEXTTHANTHEN (R)
TIMETIMESTAMPTIMESTAMPADD
TIMESTAMPDIFFTINYBLOB (R)TINYINT (R)
TINYTEXT (R)TO (R)TRAILING (R)
TRANSACTIONTRIGGER (R)TRIGGERS
TRUE (R)TRUNCATETYPE
TYPESUNCOMMITTEDUNDEFINED
UNDO (R)UNDOFILEUNDO_BUFFER_SIZE
UNICODEUNINSTALLUNION (R)
UNIQUE (R)UNKNOWNUNLOCK (R)
UNSIGNED (R)UNTILUPDATE (R)
UPGRADEUSAGE (R)USE (R)
USERUSER_RESOURCESUSE_FRM
USING (R)UTC_DATE (R)UTC_TIME (R)
UTC_TIMESTAMP (R)VALIDATIONVALUE
VALUES (R)VARBINARY (R)VARCHAR (R)
VARCHARACTER (R)VARIABLESVARYING (R)
VIEWVIRTUAL[ae](R)WAIT
WARNINGSWEEKWEIGHT_STRING
WHEN (R)WHERE (R)WHILE (R)
WITH (R)WITHOUT[AF]WORK
WRAPPERWRITE (R)X509
XAXID[AG]XML
XOR (R)YEARYEAR_MONTH (R)
ZEROFILL (R)


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